Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction

A wheelchair ramp is a vital tool for helping a loved one live independently in their home. If they are not designed properly they can be dangerous to use.

ADA regulations require landings to be level at any change in direction, to avoid compound slopes. They must also provide a surface that is gripping for wheelchair users.

Design

The ramp's design should be in line with the Americans with Disabilities Act standards to allow wheelchairs to navigate the structure easily. For example, the ramp slope cannot exceed the ratio 1:12 and must have level landings at any change in direction or shift in the ramp's surface. It must also be constructed using treated lumber which is more durable than untreated and can weather precipitation better.

The top and bottom of the ramp should be clear of obstacles such as bushes, trees or other structures that may hinder the safe movement of the ramp's user. Additionally, the surface of the ramp must be non-slip and hard. Some municipalities require that the entire ramp be covered with a non slip wheelchair ramp-slip surface.

For the frame of the ramp Choose treated lumber that is at least 4 inches wide. To secure the ramp, build posts that are at least 8 feet apart and extend to below the ground level. Spindles are the best way to join the posts with the railings of the ramp. This type of connection reduces the possibility of a ramp user falling off the ramp.

Then, build the frame of the ramp using beams 2 by 4 inches in size and joists at least 16 inch long. Make sure that the joists are at a minimum of 18 inches above the ground and that they're secured with hangers for joists which are nails that bind the inside of the joists and stop them from sliding off the ground. Attach the ramp decking with framing nails.

Create an upper landing in the doorway to allow wheelchair occupants to manage the doorswing without difficulty. This landing should be large enough to provide at least 12-24 inches of "elbow space" on the handle side of out-swing doors. The landing for doors that are in-swinging should be 58 x 60 in order to accommodate the threshold of the door as well as a wheelchair user who needs to go backwards through the doorway.

Install a level landing whenever you change in the direction of the ramp to avoid the necessity for wheelchairs to hit on their brakes while turning corners. A level landing makes it easier to remove a ramp of the way if required, so that lawnmowers and other equipment can move under it.

Materials

Aluminium, concrete, or wood can be used to build a van wheelchair ramp ramp. A professional ramp installer will assist you in choosing the right option for your office or home. It is essential to take into consideration your specific needs and budget when selecting the materials for the ramp. The ramp should be easy to maintain and should be safe to use. Some cities require that the ramp be laid with an anti-slip surface.

Be sure to inquire with your local government for permits before you begin building or buying any materials. Also, be sure to follow all local building codes. Incorrect construction materials or techniques can create dangerous conditions for wheelchair-users. You can find the most current construction regulations in your local building department or library, or on the internet.

Wood ramps are often the cheapest option for ADA ramp materials. However they need more maintenance. The wood ramp's surface should be treated regularly with a sealer in order to stop warping and rot. Wood splinters can be a problem, and can be especially hazardous for people in wheelchairs. Wood ramps also require additional support in order to ensure the structure is maintained.

Concrete ramps are extremely durable and last for a long time however they can be costly. They are heavy, which means that more work is required to construct them, and they can make it difficult to move the ramp when no longer needed. Concrete ramps are able to withstand the weight of powerful wheelchairs.

Aluminum ramps weigh less than concrete or steel, but they have the same strength and corrosion resistance. They are also more affordable than steel or iron and are an ideal choice for those with a tight budget. Aluminum is environmentally friendly since it is found in the earth's crust naturally, and is able to be recycled.

The upper ramp's landing should be at least 3/8 inch of the door threshold to allow for the front wheels of smaller wheelchairs to move over it without getting stuck. Ramps with gaps greater than this do not conform to ADA standards. It is also important to ensure that the ramp transitions smoothly from the upper landing to the ground. The ramp's final section should be curved to stop wheelchairs from abruptly stopping when they leave or enter a home.

Installation

A wheelchair ramp is an inclined plane that is erected on top of or instead of stairs. It allows wheelchair users, as well as those who use strollers or carts to access areas that would otherwise be difficult to access.

When choosing a wheelchair portable ramps accessible ramp, there are numerous factors to consider, such as the location, height, and cost. The ramp should be placed closest to the door to avoid unnecessary journeys. It should be set at an angle that is easy to use by the person who is using it. It should be securely anchored to the floor and free of obstructions like trees, cars parked or other obstacles.

ADA regulations require ramps to are equipped with handrails either side. The rails must be at least 36" apart and have a smooth or rounded gripping surface. In addition, they must be attached to the ramp and extend at least 12 inches beyond the ramp edge. Handrails must be continuous if a ramp is designed with switchbacks, or in an L-shaped layout.

The length of the ramp is determined by its incline. However there are a few common ramp types that can be used for most situations. A threshold ramp, for example, sits flush against the curb's lip or threshold of the doorway. Portable ramps, however, can be moved to a new location and are available in different sizes. There are also modular aluminum ramps that can be constructed on the spot. These are often used for public or commercial spaces and are usually longer than the threshold and portable ramps.

Contact your city's construction department to determine whether a permit is required for an ongoing ramp. It is also advisable to speak with a mobility specialist about the kind of ramp that will work best for your needs and the space. In some cases installing permanent ramps could increase the value of your house.

Maintenance

It is important to maintain your wheelchair ramp, especially if it will be used frequently. You'll need to perform regular inspections and repair any structural issues that develop. This will ensure that the ramp is in compliance with all ADA requirements, and is safe for the users.

Regular cleaning of wooden ramps is essential to remove dirt and debris that may hinder access. Keeping the ramp clean will also prevent moisture from accumulating beneath the surface and causing decay. Preservatives and stains for wood only work effectively only if the ramp is cleaned prior to applying.

Wheelchair ramps are more difficult to maintain than other ramps as they are more prone to wear and tear. It is essential to have the right tools. To ensure that all fixings are secure and tight, you will need a good set of screwdrivers as well as gauge spanners. Also, you should regularly check the handrails for signs of corrosion or damage. As time passes, and with repeated use, it's not uncommon for some of the bolts or fittings that are anchored the handrails to become loose. This can be a safety concern for anyone using the ramp.

Another important aspect is to ensure the ramp's surface is grippy, especially in winter, when conditions can be challenging. You'll need to clean away any dirt, leaves and other debris that can obstruct the surface and cause slippage. You'll also want to apply an ice melt that's non-corrosive to the ramp's surface to avoid injuries and slipping.

If you're planning on using your ramp throughout the winter, consider investing in wheels for traction or "snow tires" for your wheelchair. These wheels are designed to be more efficient on slippery and snowy surfaces. They will allow you to remain on your ramp longer than regular metal wheelchair ramps sale - click for info - tires. You can also utilize heating pads or tape to melt the snow and ice on the ramp before it builds up.